← Medical · Causes of death · how systems treat it
Cardiovascular · Master rank #1 · ~13.2% of deaths (Top 20 avg)
Short comparison of all 20 systems on one page. Click a country for the full treatment / prevention / lifestyle page.
Strong primary care gatekeeping with private hospital overflow. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Universal Medicare + private optional.
Insurer-organized pathways; low uninsured rate. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. GP gatekeeping + insurer care pathways for CVD
Public clusters for most serious care; private ISP for those who pay up. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Public hospital clusters run high-volume cardiac centers
GP gatekeeping, NICE pathways, waiting-list rationing for elective care. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via NHS tax-funded.
Primary-care centered; strong public health infrastructure. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Decentralized tax-funded.
Wealthy Nordic model; GP lists + municipal prevention. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Tax-funded national system.
Pharmac constrains drug spend; public hospitals for major care. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Tax-funded + private optional.
Ambulatory specialist access; strong pharma/device availability. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Statutory health insurance.
High spend, high access, canton variation. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Mandatory private insurance.
Municipal prevention + regional hospitals. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Tax-funded.
Single-payer core with wait times; limited private parallel. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Single payer (provincial).
Strong primary care; Mediterranean public-health framing. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via SNS tax-funded.
Ambulatory specialists + hospital sector; dense capacity. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Statutory sickness funds.
Fund-integrated care; strong tech/trauma capacity. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Mandatory health funds.
Public primary care + occupational health overlay. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via Tax-funded / reforming.
GP gatekeeping; north/south performance gaps. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via SSN tax-funded.
High-tech acute care; prior auth; huge price variation by payer. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. High PCI capacity but fragmented secondary prevention and prices
Very high utilization; hospital-heavy; aggressive screening culture. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via NHI single payer + private hospitals.
High ambulatory volume; global budgets constrain growth. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Cardiovascular pathway via NHI single payer.
High visit frequency, low unit prices, specialist access without US-style referral walls. Acute MI networks + lifelong secondary prevention drugs. Lower IHD burden historically; fee schedule keeps invasive cardiology cheaper per case