Japan

Access & coverage

Statutory insurance, fee schedule

Statutory insurance + national fee schedule; almost universal access

Treatment

• Symptomatic drugs (cholinesterase inhibitors, levodopa, etc.)
• Memory clinics / neurology pathways
• Long-term care + home supports more than cure

Prevention

• Vascular risk-factor control (for vascular dementia / stroke sequelae)
• Hearing care, social engagement, midlife BP control (dementia risk)
• Fall prevention in older adults

Lifestyle

• Cognitive / social activity; Mediterranean-style diet patterns
• Exercise; treat sleep apnea and hearing loss
• Caregiver support to delay institutionalization

What stands out here

Same broad neurologic toolkit as peers — differences are coverage rules, wait times, prices, and follow-through.