Other circulatory diseases — how systems treat it | Medical — Care Rail

Care RailMedical

Netherlands#17 · 1.6%

Mandatory private insurance, regulated

Insurer-organized pathways; low uninsured rate. Cardiovascular pathway via Mandatory private insurance, regulated.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

United Kingdom#17 · 1.6%

GP gatekeeping, NICE pathways, waiting-list rationing for elective care. Cardiovascular pathway via NHS tax-funded.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Denmark#17 · 1.6%

Municipal prevention + regional hospitals. Cardiovascular pathway via Tax-funded.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Spain#17 · 1.6%

Strong primary care; Mediterranean public-health framing. Cardiovascular pathway via SNS tax-funded.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Germany#17 · 1.6%

Statutory sickness funds

Ambulatory specialists + hospital sector; dense capacity. Cardiovascular pathway via Statutory sickness funds.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Israel#17 · 1.6%

Mandatory health funds

Fund-integrated care; strong tech/trauma capacity. Cardiovascular pathway via Mandatory health funds.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Italy#17 · 1.6%

GP gatekeeping; north/south performance gaps. Cardiovascular pathway via SSN tax-funded.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Australia#18 · 1.6%

Universal Medicare + private optional

Strong primary care gatekeeping with private hospital overflow. Cardiovascular pathway via Universal Medicare + private optional.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Sweden#18 · 1.6%

Decentralized tax-funded

Primary-care centered; strong public health infrastructure. Cardiovascular pathway via Decentralized tax-funded.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Norway#18 · 1.6%

Tax-funded national system

Wealthy Nordic model; GP lists + municipal prevention. Cardiovascular pathway via Tax-funded national system.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

France#18 · 1.6%

Statutory health insurance

Ambulatory specialist access; strong pharma/device availability. Cardiovascular pathway via Statutory health insurance.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Switzerland#18 · 1.7%

Mandatory private insurance

High spend, high access, canton variation. Cardiovascular pathway via Mandatory private insurance.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Canada#18 · 1.6%

Single payer (provincial)

Single-payer core with wait times; limited private parallel. Cardiovascular pathway via Single payer (provincial).

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Finland#18 · 1.6%

Tax-funded / reforming

Public primary care + occupational health overlay. Cardiovascular pathway via Tax-funded / reforming.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Singapore#19 · 1.6%

S+3Ms (subsidy + MediSave + MediShield + MediFund)

Public clusters for most serious care; private ISP for those who pay up. Cardiovascular pathway via S+3Ms (subsidy + MediSave + MediShield + MediFund).

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

New Zealand#19 · 1.6%

Tax-funded + private optional

Pharmac constrains drug spend; public hospitals for major care. Cardiovascular pathway via Tax-funded + private optional.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Japan#20 · 1.6%

Statutory insurance, fee schedule

High visit frequency, low unit prices, specialist access without US-style referral walls. Cardiovascular pathway via Statutory insurance, fee schedule.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

South Korea#20 · 1.6%

NHI single payer + private hospitals

Very high utilization; hospital-heavy; aggressive screening culture. Cardiovascular pathway via NHI single payer + private hospitals.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

Taiwan#20 · 1.6%

NHI single payer

High ambulatory volume; global budgets constrain growth. Cardiovascular pathway via NHI single payer.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight

United States#20 · 1.5%

Medicare/Medicaid + commercial

High-tech acute care; prior auth; huge price variation by payer. Cardiovascular pathway via Medicare/Medicaid + commercial.

Treat Acute reperfusion / stroke pathway where indicated

Prevent Population BP / cholesterol screening through primary care

Lifestyle Diet pattern (less sodium, more plants), activity, weight